How does metro rail get power while running?

 

Metro rail systems typically get power while running through one of two methods: third rail or overhead wires (catenary system).

Third Rail

This method involves an additional rail, placed alongside the running rails, which supplies electric power. The train has a contact shoe that slides along this third rail, picking up the electricity needed to operate. This method is common in many urban metro systems because it is less visually intrusive and can be safer in terms of minimizing power lines overhead.

Overhead Wires (Catenary System)

In this method, the train draws power from overhead electrical wires using a pantograph, which is a device mounted on the roof of the train. This system is often used in light rail and tram systems, as well as some metro systems. It's particularly useful for above-ground sections of railways.

Both methods convert the supplied electricity into mechanical energy, which powers the train's motors and allows it to move.