What are the constituents that make up the atmosphere of earth?

 

The Earth's atmosphere is composed of a mixture of gases, each with varying concentrations. The main constituents are:

Nitrogen (N2): About 78% of the atmosphere. It is inert and provides a stable environment.
Oxygen (O2): Roughly 21% of the atmosphere. It is essential for respiration in most living organisms and combustion.
Argon (Ar): Approximately 0.93%. It is an inert noble gas.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2): About 0.04%. It is crucial for photosynthesis and acts as a greenhouse gas.
Neon (Ne), Helium (He), Methane (CH4), Krypton (Kr), Hydrogen (H2): These are present in trace amounts.
Water Vapor (H2O): Varies between 0% to 4%. It is essential for the hydrological cycle and weather patterns.

In addition to these gases, the atmosphere contains small amounts of other compounds and particulate matter, including dust, pollen, spores, and various pollutants. The concentration of these components can vary depending on the location, altitude, and environmental conditions.